Prostatitis is a urological disease of the prostate gland, which is inflammatory.Middle and older men are most affected by its occurrence.
Prostatitis is acute and chronic, but the chronic form of the disease is most widespread.
Chronic prostatitis
Chronic prostatitis is a prolonged inflammatory disease of the prostate gland, leading to malfunctions in the work of the men's genitourinary system.
The disease develops gradually for several years (without bringing much concern), so men see a doctor only during an exacerbation, accompanied by a significant deterioration in the general state.
Chronic prostatitis is divided into two forms: infectious and non -infectious.
The infectious form arises as a result of the introduction of infectious pathogens into the body.
The non -infectious form occurs with a violation of blood circulation in the pelvic organs and stagnation of the secret in the prostate, which contributes to the inflammatory process.
Causes
There are various factors that can provoke the appearance of chronic prostatitis.
The most significant of them is:
- Violation of the rhythm of sexual activity.
- Interruption and tightening of sexual intercourse.
- Incorrect and untimely treatment of prostatitis.
- The presence of the pathology of the pelvic organs.
- Infection of transmitted sexually transmitted pathogens.
- Inflammatory diseases of internal organs.
- Hypothermia of the body.
- Inactive lifestyle.
- Alcohol abuse and smoking.
- Nervous overwork.
- Excessive physical exertion (including weight lifting)
- Wearing tight linen.
- Weakening of the body's defenses.
Clinical manifestations
During the period of exacerbation of chronic prostatitis, the presence of such symptoms is possible:
- The appearance of a sense of discomfort and pain in the perineum, lumbosacral department, scrotum.
- Violation of the urination process (frequent urge, sluggish or intermittent urine stream)
- Reducing the quality of the sexual function of a man (weak erection, lack of sex drive, premature orgasm, etc.)
- Sharp pain in the lower abdomen.
- Unpleasant feelings after ejaculation.
By its characteristics, chronic prostatitis is similar to other diseases of the genitourinary system.To accurately determine the presence of a disease, a thorough examination is necessary.
The consequences of the disease
Chronic prostatitis can lead to serious complications that lead to the development of new diseases.
With untimely or unfinished treatment, there may occur:
- Cystitis and pyelonephritis-inflammatory and infectious processes in the urinary system.
- Vesiculite - inflammation of the seed bubbles (leading to infertility and inflammation of the urogenital tract)
- Orchoepididimitis - inflammation of the testicles and their appendages.
- Prostate abscess - the accumulation of pus in the tissues of the prostate gland (can lead to the formation of fistulas and clogging of the genitourinary tract feces)
- Prostate sclerosis - the replacement of the glandular tissue of the prostate connective, which leads to a decrease in the size of the prostate and to the complete cessation of its functioning (the only way to treat surgical intervention)
- Cysts and stones that appear in the prostate due to prolonged chronic inflammation (removed surgically);
- Disorder of sexual function (up to infertility).
Diagnostic measures
Diagnosis is carried out using the following methods:
- Visual examination of the patient (examination of the genitals in order to identify skin rashes and discharge from the urethra);
- Rectal examination (to determine the structure, consistency, pain and obtaining the secret of the prostate);
- Bacteriological examination smear from the urethra;
- Laboratory examination of blood and urine tests.
- In some cases, an ultrasound examination (ultrasound or echography) is prescribed to obtain a more accurate diagnosis.
According to the change in the echogenicity of individual sites, the degree of inflammatory process is evaluated, the echobillus of chronic prostatitis is determined: an increase in the size of the prostate, diffuse changes in its structure, the presence of pathological formations in the tissues.
The most clearly pronounced echographic features are present during transrectal ultrasound.It is considered more informative and reliable than transabdominal.
Signs of chronic prostatitis on ultrasound:
- An increase in the volume of the prostate over 20 cm3.
- Changing the structure of the fabric (it becomes heterogeneous)
- The presence of puffiness of the prostate.
- The presence of fibrosis and calcifiers in the prostate.
Treatment of chronic prostatitis
The treatment of this disease is a time -consuming and prolonged process and should take place strictly under the supervision of a doctor.
It is carried out by complex methods using drugs:
- Antibiotics of various groups, depending on the testimony of diagnosis.Take for 10-14 days (depending on the severity of the disease).
- Anti -inflammatory tablets, injections and rectal suppositories reducing pain, reducing the inflammatory process;
- Immunomodulators to increase the body's protective forces and the positive effect on cell functioning.
- Alpha-blockers promoting the outflow of urine, removing spasm and tension of the muscles of the bladder and urethra.
Additionally, it is recommended that the prostate massage (to improve blood circulation and normalize the functioning of the prostate gland), the use of physiotherapeutic procedures (electrophoresis, laser and magnetic therapy).
With proper treatment, the patient should have a complete remission (lack of symptoms of the disease for a long period).
Preventive measures
Prevention of the disease of the prostate gland includes:
- Compliance with the diet and drinking mode.
- Maintaining normal body weight.
- Regular physical education and sports.
- Increasing immunity.
- Strengthening the nervous system.
- Exclusion from the use of harmful food.
- Restriction of alcohol consumption and smoking refusal.
- Introduction of regular sexual activity;.
- Timely treatment of inflammatory and infectious diseases;
- Exclusion of wearing tight underwear.
- Avoiding hypothermia.
- Annual preventive examinations with a urologist.
It should not be forgotten that chronic prostatitis is easier to prevent (observing some rules) than for many years to suffer from an unpleasant ailment.